AI Agents

AOrchestra: Automating Sub-Agent Creation for Agentic Orchestration

JJianhao RuanZZhihao XuYYiran PengFFashen RenZZhaoyang YuXXinbing LiangJJinyu XiangBBang LiuCChenglin WuYYuyu LuoJJiayi Zhang
Published
February 3, 2026
Authors
11
Word Count
9,876
Code
Includes code

Automate sub-agent creation for efficient task orchestration.

Abstract

Language agents have shown strong promise for task automation. Realizing this promise for increasingly complex, long-horizon tasks has driven the rise of a sub-agent-as-tools paradigm for multi-turn task solving. However, existing designs still lack a dynamic abstraction view of sub-agents, thereby hurting adaptability. We address this challenge with a unified, framework-agnostic agent abstraction that models any agent as a tuple Instruction, Context, Tools, Model. This tuple acts as a compositional recipe for capabilities, enabling the system to spawn specialized executors for each task on demand. Building on this abstraction, we introduce an agentic system AOrchestra, where the central orchestrator concretizes the tuple at each step: it curates task-relevant context, selects tools and models, and delegates execution via on-the-fly automatic agent creation. Such designs enable reducing human engineering efforts, and remain framework-agnostic with plug-and-play support for diverse agents as task executors. It also enables a controllable performance-cost trade-off, allowing the system to approach Pareto-efficient. Across three challenging benchmarks (GAIA, SWE-Bench, Terminal-Bench), AOrchestra achieves 16.28% relative improvement against the strongest baseline when paired with Gemini-3-Flash. The code is available at: https://github.com/FoundationAgents/AOrchestra

Key Takeaways

  • 1

    Dynamic sub-agent creation improves complex task performance.

  • 2

    AOrchestra framework automates specialized agent generation.

  • 3

    Significant benchmark improvements with AOrchestra approach.

Limitations

  • Relies on quality of task decomposition and context.

  • High computational requirements for training.

Keywords

language agentssub-agent-as-tools paradigmmulti-turn task solvingagent abstractiontask automationframework-agnosticagent orchestrationautomatic agent creationPareto-efficientGAIASWE-BenchTerminal-Bench

More in AI Agents

View all
AOrchestra: Automating Sub-Agent Creation for Agentic Orchestration | Paperchime